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〕 |location = |region_served = Worldwide |membership = |language = English |leader_title = Steering Group Co-Chairs |leader_name = Lisa Bero, Cindy Farquhar〔(The Cochrane Steering Group & Subgroups ). Retrieved 2014-02-14.〕 |main_organ = |parent_organization = |affiliations = |num_staff = |num_volunteers = Over 37,000 (2015) |budget = |website = |remarks = }} Cochrane, previously known as the Cochrane Collaboration, is an independent, non-profit, non-governmental organization consisting of a group of more than 37,000 volunteers in more than 130 countries.〔 The group was formed to organize medical research information in a systematic way to facilitate the choices that health professionals, patients, policy makers and others face in health interventions according to the principles of evidence-based medicine. The group conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health-care interventions and diagnostic tests, which it publishes in The Cochrane Library.〔Ben Goldacre (2012), ''Bad Pharma'', Fourth Estate, p. 14ff.〕 A few reviews (in fields such as occupational health) have also studied the results of non-randomized, observational studies. == History == Cochrane was founded in 1993 under the leadership of Iain Chalmers. It was developed in response to Archie Cochrane's call for up-to-date, systematic reviews of all relevant randomized controlled trials of health care. Cochrane's suggestion that the methods used to prepare and maintain reviews of controlled trials in pregnancy and childbirth should be applied more widely was taken up by the Research and Development Programme, initiated to support the United Kingdom's National Health Service. Through the NHS R&D programme, led by the first Director of Research and Development Professor Michael Peckham, funds were provided to establish a "Cochrane Centre", to collaborate with others, in the UK and elsewhere, to facilitate systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials across all areas of health care.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cochrane History and Chronology )〕 Cochrane is currently concentrating on capacity building in health research is individuals, groups, and institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)s.〔Young T, Garner P, Kredo T, Mbuagbaw L, Tharyan P, Volmink J. Cochrane and capacity building in low- and middle-income countries: where are we at? (). ''Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews'' 2013;11:ED000072. http://www.thecochranelibrary.com/details/editorial/5428691/Cochrane-and-capacity-building-in-low--and-middle-income-countries-where-are-we-.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cochrane (organisation)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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